Livorno, a bustling port city on the western coast of Tuscany, often finds itself overshadowed by its more glamorous neighbors like Florence and Pisa. However, this dynamic hub, one of central Italy’s main economic centers, possesses a unique charm and a wealth of attractions that deserve exploration. Far from being a mere stopover for cruise passengers, Livorno offers a fascinating blend of maritime history, architectural gems, delectable cuisine, and vibrant cultural experiences. While known for its massive, modern seaport and medieval-era fortifications, Livorno is also a great Tuscan destination for freshly caught seafood. But there are other appealing reasons to visit Livorno, including a lovely system of urban waterways, historic and contemporary museums, and vibrant nightlife.
This article unveils the top ten reasons to linger in this captivating coastal city, inviting you to discover the hidden treasures that make Livorno a worthwhile destination in its own right.
1. Stand Watch for Enemy Ships at the Old Fortress
Step back in time at the Fortezza Vecchia, or Old Fortress, a formidable reminder of Livorno’s strategic importance throughout history. Built during the Renaissance, when defensive bastions were vital for coastal protection, this imposing structure stands guard at the entrance to the Quartiere Venezia, the city’s historic district. Its pentagonal design, a testament to Renaissance military engineering, exudes strength and resilience.
Wander through the fortress’s ancient walls, imagining the soldiers who once stood watch, scanning the horizon for approaching threats. Today, the Fortezza Vecchia offers a different kind of reward: breathtaking panoramic views of Livorno’s harbor, the intricate network of canals that crisscross the city, and the charming terracotta rooftops that paint a picturesque scene. The address is Piazzale dei Marmi, 57126 Livorno LI, Italy. The phone number is +39 329 039 7997.
2. Learn About Coastal Life at the Natural History Museum
Delve into the wonders of the natural world at the Museo di Storia Naturale del Mediterraneo, Livorno’s Natural History Museum. Founded in 1929 to showcase the discoveries of local naturalists, the museum boasts an impressive collection of exhibits that explore the biodiversity of the Mediterranean region.
Marvel at the colossal whale skeletons, including a magnificent specimen that stretches nearly 64 feet in length. Explore the botanical gardens, a living showcase of Mediterranean coastal flora, and discover the importance of environmental education at the dedicated center. Journey back in time with exhibits that delve into the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods, offering insights into the region’s prehistoric past. Although completely destroyed in 1944, it found a new home in 1980. The museum is located at PARCO DEL MUSEO DI STORIA NATURALE DEL MEDITERRANEO, Via Roma, 234, 57127 Livorno LI, Italy. The phone number is +39 0586 266711.
3. Dive Into the Livorno Aquarium
Embark on an underwater adventure at the Acquario di Livorno, Livorno’s aquarium, located on the scenic Terrazza Mascagni. This family-friendly attraction offers a captivating glimpse into the diverse marine life of the Mediterranean Sea and beyond.
The ground floor showcases meticulously recreated ecosystems, from the vibrant coral reefs to the mysterious depths of the Pelagos Sanctuary, a protected area for marine mammals. Walk through an underwater tunnel, surrounded by schools of fish, and get hands-on with marine creatures in the touch pool. Discover a recreation of a Roman shipwreck, teeming with marine life that has made it their home. Venture to the second level to encounter fascinating insects, amphibians, and reptiles, including leaf-cutter ants, chameleons, and vibrant poison dart frogs. The address is Piazza Mascagni, 1, 57127 Livorno LI, Italy, and the phone number is +39 0586 269111. Don’t miss the panoramic terrace, offering stunning views of the promenade and the islands of the Tuscan archipelago.
4. Take a Boat Ride Through Quartiere Venezia
Step into a world of canals and bridges at Quartiere Venezia, Livorno’s "New Venice." This unique 17th-century neighborhood, located in the heart of the historic center, is a testament to the city’s rich maritime past. Built with a network of canals that served as vital transportation routes for merchants, the Quartiere Venezia retains its distinctive character to this day.
The best way to experience this enchanting district is by boat. Glide along the canals, admiring the historic buildings that line the waterways, and soak in the unique atmosphere of this "little Venice." Many residents still keep boats moored outside their homes, a charming reminder of the neighborhood’s maritime heritage. If you visit in August, experience the Effetto Venezia festival, a vibrant celebration of this water-bound district. You can find the boat tours at Scali delle Ancore, 5, 57123 Livorno LI, Italy.
5. Take a Side Trip to Pisa
While Livorno offers plenty to see and do, its strategic location makes it an ideal base for exploring the surrounding region. A short 17-minute train ride will take you to Pisa, home to one of the world’s most iconic landmarks: the Leaning Tower.
Located in the Campo dei Miracoli, or Field of Miracles, the Leaning Tower is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a symbol of Italy. Marvel at its architectural beauty and capture the quintessential tourist photo. While you’re there, explore the Baptistry and the Duomo, or cathedral, both stunning examples of 12th- and 13th-century Romanesque architecture. The intricate Arabic-style patterns and details that adorn these buildings are a testament to the region’s rich cultural heritage.
6. Wander Among the Headstones at the Old English Cemetery
Discover a hidden oasis of tranquility at Livorno’s Old English Cemetery, the oldest non-Catholic burial ground in Italy. Established in the 1600s, this historic cemetery provides a fascinating glimpse into the lives of travelers and expatriates who made Livorno their home.
Wander through the grounds, reading the epitaphs of famous and not-so-famous individuals, including Scottish writer Tobias Smollett, wealthy American businessman William Magee Seton, and numerous British and American sailors. The cemetery, severely damaged during World War II, has been lovingly restored and offers a peaceful respite from the bustling city. The address is Via Giuseppe Verdi, 53, 57126 Livorno LI, Italy.
7. People-Watch on Terrazza Mascagni
Immerse yourself in the vibrant atmosphere of Livorno at the Terrazza Mascagni, a charming waterfront promenade that buzzes with activity year-round. This iconic landmark, paved in a distinctive black-and-white checkerboard pattern, offers stunning views of the sea and the surrounding coastline.
Stroll along the promenade, lined with marble benches, restaurants, and shops, and soak in the lively ambiance. The Terrazza Mascagni is a popular gathering place for locals and visitors alike, who come to walk, people-watch, and enjoy the beautiful scenery. The address is Viale Italia, 139, 57127 Livorno LI, Italy, and the phone number is +39 0586 894236.
8. Sample Cacciucco or Other Livornese Cuisine
Indulge in the culinary delights of Livorno, where seafood reigns supreme. No visit to this coastal city is complete without trying cacciucco, Livorno’s signature dish. This hearty fish stew, made with a variety of seafood, herbs, and tomatoes, is traditionally served over garlic toast.
Beyond cacciucco, Livornese cuisine offers a variety of other gastronomic delights, including dishes featuring lamb, cinghiale (wild boar), and fowl. For a truly local experience, try a ponce livornese, a heady after-dinner drink made with rum, cognac, sassolino (anise-flavored liqueur), lemon rind, sugar, and a shot of hot coffee.
9. Stock Up at the Central Market
Experience the vibrant atmosphere of Livorno’s Mercato delle Vettovaglie, the Central Market. Housed in a magnificent 19th-century building, this bustling market is one of the largest indoor markets in Europe, with over 200 stalls and shops offering a wide array of goods.
From fresh seafood and local produce to artisanal cheeses and cured meats, the Mercato delle Vettovaglie is a feast for the senses. Sample ready-to-eat street food, gather ingredients for a delicious ragu, or simply soak in the lively atmosphere of this authentic Italian market. The address is Via Buontalenti, 57126 Livorno LI, Italy, and the phone number is +39 331 593 3689. Note that the market is closed on Sundays.
10. Head to a Beach Bagni
While Livorno may not be known for its expansive beaches, you can still enjoy a day by the sea at one of the many bagni, or seaside complexes, located south of the port. For a day-use fee, you can access small sandy areas for children to play, sheltered swimming areas, lounge chair and umbrella rentals, snack bars, and changing facilities.
These bagni offer a convenient and comfortable way to soak up the sun and enjoy the refreshing waters of the Mediterranean. Livorno offers so much to see and do.
