Bonn, a city nestled on the banks of the majestic Rhine River near Germany’s western border with Belgium, holds a unique place in the nation’s history. For a brief but significant period, it served as the capital of West Germany, leaving behind a legacy of political importance and cultural vibrancy. But Bonn is more than just a former capital; it’s a city steeped in history, brimming with cultural attractions, and renowned as the birthplace of the iconic composer, Ludwig van Beethoven. This article will guide you through the 11 best things to do in Bonn, unveiling the city’s charm and highlighting its must-see destinations.
1. Immerse Yourself in Nature at the Botanic Gardens on Palace Grounds
Step into a verdant oasis at Bonn’s Botanic Gardens, officially known as Botanische Gärten der Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn. These gardens are beautifully situated on the grounds of Poppelsdorf Palace, a structure with roots stretching back to 1340 when it served as the castle grounds for the Archbishop of Cologne. The palace itself was constructed in 1715, replacing an earlier residence, and the gardens were subsequently redesigned in the Baroque style to complement the palace’s architecture.
Devastated during World War II, the gardens were meticulously restored between 1979 and 1984. Today, this elegant 16-acre sanctuary welcomes visitors with free admission on weekdays. Explore a diverse collection of over 8,000 plant species, including endangered varieties like Lady’s Slipper Orchids. The gardens also feature an arboretum, Mediterranean and fern houses, and even a fascinating carnivorous plant house. Don’t miss the mineralogical museum, showcasing a stunning collection of geological treasures. For a truly memorable experience, attend one of the regular Poppeldorf Palace concerts during the summer months, where classical music fills the air in front of the magnificent palace.
2. Marvel at the Architectural Grandeur of the Cathedral
The Bonn Minster, a stunning cathedral that dominates the city skyline with its five towering spires, is a true symbol of Bonn. Known in German as Bonner Münster, this impressive structure stands as one of the finest examples of Romanesque architecture along the Rhine River.
The site upon which the cathedral stands has a rich history, having previously been home to a Roman temple and a Christian church. Construction of the cathedral commenced in the 11th century and continued through the 13th century, making it one of Germany’s oldest cathedrals. Located in Münsterplatz, the cathedral was built over the graves of two Roman soldiers who were martyred and later became the city’s patron saints. Adding to its historical significance, the cathedral was also the site where two Holy Roman Emperors, Charles IV and Frederick the Fair, were crowned in the 14th century.
Despite ongoing restorations, expected to continue into 2019, visitors can still admire the cathedral’s exquisite Gothic details and Baroque decorations. Highlights include the 11th-century crypt, the 12th-century cloister, and the striking Expressionist art featured in the windows, created by Heinrich Campendonk. A recent discovery is the tomb of Siegfried von Westerburg, Archbishop of Cologne from 1275 to 1297, adding another layer to the cathedral’s historical narrative.
3. Experience the Heart of the City at Münsterplatz
Münsterplatz, the expansive square in front of the Bonn Minster, serves as the vibrant heart of the city. While the cathedral is undoubtedly a focal point, the square offers much more than just religious significance.
On the eastern side of the square stands Bonn’s Altes Rathaus (Old Town Hall), a pristine example of pink-and-gold Rococo elegance dating back to the 18th century. A grand twin staircase leads to the mayor’s office within. This distinguished building once played a pivotal role in official business when Bonn was the capital of West Germany. Notably, numerous influential figures, from John F. Kennedy to Mikhail Gorbachev, have ascended these very stairs.
Today, Münsterplatz is the central hub of Bonn’s city life. In autumn, the square hosts the annual Bonn-Fest, a lively celebration of the season. During winter, it transforms into a picturesque Weihnachtsmarkt (Christmas Market), offering festive cheer and traditional treats. From December 1st to Christmas Eve, the Rathaus is transformed into a massive Advent calendar, with a new window being revealed each day.
4. Pay Homage to a Musical Genius
Bonn is eternally linked to the legendary Ludwig van Beethoven, and a monument dedicated to him stands proudly in Münsterplatz. This bronze statue of the classical composer was erected in 1845, commemorating the 75th anniversary of Beethoven’s birth during a festival conducted by another renowned composer, Franz Liszt. The annual Beethoven festival continues to this day, celebrating Germany’s most celebrated musician.
The statue’s base features symbolic representations of Beethoven’s musical genres, including phantasy, spiritual, fidelio, and eroica. The monument is beautifully complemented by a cheerful yellow Baroque Palais that now houses a post office.
5. Delve into the Life and Legacy at Beethoven’s House
For a deeper appreciation of Bonn’s most famous son, a visit to Beethoven-Haus is essential. This is the very house where Beethoven was born in 1770.
A museum dedicated to his life and work was established here in 1893. Behind the humble exterior lies a treasure trove of rare artifacts and documents from Beethoven’s life, including an original portrait of his family, personal letters, and handwritten sheet music. Examine his instruments, his ear trumpet used to cope with his hearing loss, and even a death mask. A digitalized research center provides access to all of his finest works, rare recordings, and an interactive 3-D show. This comprehensive collection represents the most extensive Beethoven collection in the world.
6. Witness the Spectacle of the Cherry Blossoms
For a few weeks each spring, Bonn is transformed into a breathtaking spectacle of pink as lines of Japanese kirschbaum (cherry trees) burst into bloom. While cherry blossoms can be found throughout the country, Bonn has become world-famous for its enchanting blossom avenue.
Photographers flock to this street to capture the stunning sight of the heavy blossoms forming a tunnel-like canopy overhead. The sheer number of visitors can sometimes rival the number of flowers, but the experience is still truly unforgettable. Visit in the early evening to avoid the crowds and witness the blossoms bathed in the soft, pink-tinged lamplight.
7. Explore the Cultural Treasures of Bonn’s Museum Mile
Bonn’s cultural scene extends far beyond its historical landmarks. One of the city’s most popular attractions is its Museumsmeile (museum mile), a stretch of diverse museums catering to a wide range of interests.
- Art and Exhibition Hall of the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundeskunsthalle): This modern museum is dedicated to 20th-century art and boasts the most extensive collection of Rhenish Expressionism in the world, along with works by August Macke and Joseph Beuys.
- Haus der Geschichte (House of Contemporary German History): This museum covers German history from the period leading up to World War II to the present day, including Bonn’s time as the capital. Exhibits range from artifacts from the city’s Roman origins to displays depicting daily life in East and West Germany.
- Alexander König Museum: This museum is renowned as one of the best natural history and zoological museums in Germany.
- Deutsches Museum Bonn: This branch of the Deutsches Museum focuses on historical technological advancements.
- Kunstmuseum Bonn: This museum is dedicated to modern art, founded in 1947. It emphasizes Rhenish Expressionism and August Macke, one of the founders of Der Blaue Reiter. It also includes works by post-war artists like Joseph Beuys, Georg Baselitz, and Blinky Palermo, and features an extensive video collection.
- Arithmeum: This museum explores the history of mathematics with over 1,200 artifacts, from antique calculators to rare books, housed in a modern steel and glass setting.
- Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn: This is one of the oldest history museums in Germany.
8. Embark on a Scenic Cruise along the Middle Rhine
Bonn marks the beginning of the Mittelrhein (Middle Rhine), a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This picturesque stretch of the Rhine River is a popular cruise destination, with frequent stops at charming towns along the riverbanks.
Cruises typically run from Cologne to Koblenz, where the Rhine meets the Mosel. Along the way, passengers are treated to breathtaking views of numerous castles perched atop the hills. For a less crowded alternative, consider exploring the Ahr, a tributary of the Rhine that offers equally enchanting villages with fewer tourists.
9. Step into a Fairytale at Schloss Drachenburg
A short day trip from Bonn leads to Schloss Drachenburg, a Gothic Revival castle perched high above the Rhine. While not a medieval castle in the traditional sense, it is undeniably beautiful.
Located on one of the Siebengebirge (seven hills) of Drachenfels, this castle was completed in 1884 for a wealthy banker, Stephan von Sarter. Despite commissioning the castle, he never actually lived there, and it subsequently passed through various owners before being granted protected historical status.
Visitors can choose to hike up the winding path to the castle, passing by an older ruin at the summit, or take the charming and historic Drachenfelsbahn tram. The castle’s interior is decorated in flamboyant Baroque style, but the real highlight is the panoramic views of the river and Bonn below.
10. Explore the Ruins and History of Godesburg Castle
If Schloss Drachenburg doesn’t quite satisfy your medieval castle cravings, the nearby Godesburg Castle is sure to impress.
This imposing stone castle was originally built in the 13th century but was largely destroyed in the late 16th century during the Cologne War. Fortunately, in 1959, the castle was restored to its former glory, incorporating modern amenities such as a restaurant with stunning countryside views. Interestingly, part of the castle’s interior was transformed into apartments, making it a truly unique residential experience.
11. Reconnect with Nature in the Waldau Forest
Escape the city bustle and immerse yourself in the natural beauty of the Waldau forest, located just south of Bonn. This beloved gateway to nature is home to a diverse array of animals, including deer, owls, badgers, bats, and even wild boars.
The forest offers numerous relaxing walking trails through its ancient hornbeam and oak trees. The historic Haus der Natur, an environmental education center, is open to the public and provides information on the surrounding Kottenforst, a forest with over 1,000 years of history. Families will appreciate the large playground and the opportunity to connect with nature.
Bonn offers a captivating blend of history, culture, and natural beauty, making it a truly rewarding destination. The 11 best things to do in Bonn offer a diverse range of experiences, from exploring historical landmarks and museums to immersing yourself in nature and enjoying the city’s vibrant atmosphere. A trip to the 11 best things to do in Bonn will not leave you disappointed.
How to Get There
The Cologne-Bonn (CGN) airport is the closest airport, but most international travelers arrive via Frankfurt Airport (FRA), Germany’s busiest airport. Düsseldorf Airport (DUS) is another alternative. From CGN, the direct SB60 airport bus departs every 30 minutes from outside Terminal 1 arrivals. Another option is the train between the airport and Bonn-Beuel Hauptbahnhof (main train station). A taxi ride will cost approximately 45 euros.
Bonn is also well-connected by train. Bonn’s Hauptbahnhof (main train station) provides connections to the rest of the country and beyond. If arriving by car, the city is easily accessible via Germany’s extensive motorway network.
