Los Glaciares National Park, a realm of breathtaking beauty and raw, untamed landscapes, beckons travelers from across the globe. The park’s magnetic pull stems from two iconic attractions: the majestic, advancing Perito Moreno Glacier and the challenging, rewarding hiking trails that wind around the imposing Mount Fitzroy and Cerro Torre. Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site, this expansive sanctuary, the largest national park in Argentina, stretches across 2,806 square miles of Patagonia. Within its borders lie a collection of independent glaciers originating from the Southern Patagonian Icefield, lush subantarctic forests teeming with life, and the rugged, awe-inspiring Austral Andes.
Located within the Santa Cruz province, Los Glaciares National Park is geographically divided into two distinct sections, each offering a unique flavor of Patagonian wilderness. The northern section, anchored by the charming village of El Chalten, is a haven for hikers and mountaineers. The southern section, easily accessible from the town of El Calafate, is dominated by the Perito Moreno Glacier and offers a more accessible experience for visitors of all abilities. Scattered throughout the surrounding areas, traditional estancias (ranches) offer a glimpse into the region’s cultural heritage. The park’s diverse terrain lends itself to a wide array of activities, including glacier walking, kayaking, rock climbing, boat cruises that navigate icy waters, and the simple joy of camping under the vast Patagonian sky.
A History Etched in Ice and Stone
The story of Los Glaciares National Park is intertwined with the history of Patagonia itself. In 1879, the Argentine government, through a forceful military campaign, seized the lands from the indigenous Aóonikenk people. However, it wasn’t until 1937 that the area was officially designated as a national park. This declaration was partly fueled by a territorial rivalry with neighboring Chile, highlighting the strategic importance of this remote region. The town of El Chalten, now a bustling hub for outdoor enthusiasts, owes its name to the Aóonikenk word for Mount Fitz Roy, "Chalten," meaning "smoking mountain," a reference to the clouds that often shroud its peak.
Exploring the Wonders: Things to Do in Los Glaciares
The southern sector of Los Glaciares National Park is primarily focused on the Perito Moreno Glacier, a colossal river of ice that defies the global trend by continuing to advance. This rare phenomenon makes it a particularly compelling sight. Visitors flock to witness the dramatic calving events, where massive chunks of ice break off from the glacier’s face and thunderously crash into the Canal de Los Tempanos, creating spectacular displays of natural power. The boardwalks of the Peninsula de Magallanes offer panoramic views of the glacier, providing ideal vantage points for capturing these breathtaking moments.
The Perito Moreno Glacier is also renowned for its accessibility, making it one of the most approachable glaciers in the world. Several companies, such as Hielo y Aventura, offer guided ice hikes, ranging from short introductory treks to more challenging full-day expeditions. These excursions allow you to walk on the glacier itself, experiencing the unique textures and colors of the ice firsthand. Boat tours, offered by companies like Southern Spirit, provide a different perspective, allowing you to marvel at the glacier’s towering north face from the water. For a more intimate experience, kayaking tours with operators like Miloutdoor offer the opportunity to paddle alongside the glacier’s icy walls. Entrance to the park’s southern section currently costs 1,800 pesos (approximately $18 USD).
In contrast to the southern sector’s glacial focus, the northern sector of Los Glaciares is a paradise for hikers and mountaineers. While some of the world’s most accomplished climbers are drawn to the challenge of summiting Mount Fitzroy and Cerro Torre, the area also offers a wide range of trails suitable for hikers of all levels. Beyond hiking, the northern sector also offers opportunities for ice climbing, trekking, and even dog sledding. Casa de Guias specializes in multi-day ice trekking tours that traverse the vast Southern Patagonian Icefield. Lake cruises, fly-fishing expeditions, kayaking adventures, and rock climbing excursions are also available in the northern section. While horseback riding is not permitted within the park boundaries, several estancias just outside the park offer guided horseback riding tours, allowing you to explore the surrounding landscapes from a different perspective. El Relincho is one such company that provides horseback riding experiences.
Embarking on an Adventure: Best Hikes & Trails
A significant advantage for hikers exploring the northern sector is the free access to all trails originating from El Chalten. This makes it an incredibly accessible destination for budget-conscious travelers. The El Chalten website offers comprehensive maps and estimated hiking times for numerous treks, enabling you to plan your itinerary with ease.
(It is important to check the El Chalten website for current trail information and conditions, as well as to register your hikes with the park rangers before setting out.)
Camping Under the Patagonian Stars
Los Glaciares National Park provides a range of camping options in both its northern and southern sections. These options range from basic backcountry sites with minimal services to campsites equipped with hot water and general stores. Many campsites are free of charge and do not require permits or reservations, adding to the park’s accessibility. However, it is crucial to be prepared for the unpredictable Patagonian weather. Bring a gas stove for cooking, as open fires are strictly prohibited to protect the fragile ecosystem. You are also responsible for packing out all your trash to minimize your environmental impact. For those who prefer a more comfortable experience, hotels and estancias are located within the park’s boundaries, offering a welcome alternative to camping.
(Specific information regarding campsites within each sector, including availability and required permits, can be obtained from the park’s official website or visitor centers.)
Where to Rest Your Head: Nearby Accommodation
El Calafate and El Chalten offer a wide variety of accommodation options, ranging from budget-friendly hostels to luxurious hotels. However, it is essential to book your accommodation well in advance, especially if you plan to visit during the peak season (December through February and Easter). During these periods, the towns are often bustling with tourists, and availability can be limited. Traveling during the shoulder seasons of fall and spring can offer significantly lower prices and a more relaxed atmosphere. While winter can also bring about more reasonable prices, some accommodations may close for the season due to the harsh weather conditions.
(Specific recommendations for accommodation in El Calafate and El Chalten can be found on various travel websites and booking platforms. Be sure to read reviews and compare prices before making your reservation.)
Getting There: Your Journey to Los Glaciares
Flights operate daily from major Argentine cities such as Buenos Aires, Bariloche, and Ushuaia to El Calafate, as well as to Río Gallegos. Both El Calafate and Río Gallegos offer bus services to the southern section of Los Glaciares National Park. The park’s southern section is most easily accessed by driving approximately one hour west on Ruta 11 from El Calafate. To reach El Chalten, the gateway town to the park’s northern section, daily bus services operate from El Calafate from November through March. Once you arrive in El Chalten, many of the most famous trails begin on the outskirts of town, making it easy to explore the park on foot.
Accessibility for All: Ensuring an Inclusive Experience
The southern section of Los Glaciares National Park offers more wheelchair-accessible activities than the northern section. The two highest floors of the Perito Moreno Glacier’s boardwalk trails are accessible from the upper parking lot, and ramps and an elevator provide access to the ground floor. You can also experience the glacier via a wheelchair-friendly Southern Spirit boat cruise, which navigates around the glacier’s north face. In the northern section, wheelchair-accessible hiking is available to a waterfall at the park entrance, the Chorrillo del Salto. For visually impaired visitors, the Los Cóndores Trail features Braille signage, promoting inclusivity and accessibility for all.
Essential Tips for a Memorable Visit
- Pack for all types of weather: The Patagonian climate is notoriously unpredictable. Be prepared for sunshine, rain, wind, and even snow, regardless of the time of year. Layers are essential.
- Bring sturdy hiking boots: If you plan on hiking, invest in a good pair of hiking boots that provide ankle support and traction.
- Protect yourself from the sun: Even on cloudy days, the sun can be intense at this altitude. Wear sunscreen, sunglasses, and a hat.
- Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water, especially when hiking.
- Be aware of wildlife: While encountering dangerous wildlife is rare, it is important to be aware of your surroundings and avoid approaching or feeding any animals.
- Leave no trace: Pack out everything you pack in and respect the natural environment.
- Learn some basic Spanish phrases: While many people in tourist areas speak English, knowing some basic Spanish phrases will enhance your experience and allow you to interact with locals more easily.
- Check the weather forecast: Before embarking on any hike or activity, check the weather forecast and be prepared to adjust your plans if necessary.
- Register your hikes with the park rangers: This is especially important for longer hikes and ensures that someone knows your planned route in case of an emergency.
- Enjoy the moment: Los Glaciares National Park is a truly special place. Take the time to soak in the beauty and appreciate the incredible natural wonders that surround you.
Los Glaciares National Park offers an unforgettable journey into the heart of Patagonia, a region of stunning glaciers, towering mountains, and pristine wilderness. Whether you’re seeking adventure on the ice, challenging hikes through breathtaking landscapes, or simply a chance to connect with nature, Los Glaciares promises an experience that will leave you in awe.
