Ghana, a vibrant nation nestled on the coast of West Africa, shimmers as a true gem, beckoning travelers with its diverse landscapes, rich history, and captivating culture. From the sun-kissed beaches that fringe the Atlantic, to the bustling cosmopolitan cities, and the serene, wildlife-rich nature reserves, Ghana presents a kaleidoscope of experiences that will undoubtedly etch themselves into your memory. This is a land where the echoes of the past resonate powerfully, particularly in the poignant colonial-era trading forts that stand as solemn reminders of the transatlantic slave trade.
With so much to offer, deciding where to begin your Ghanaian adventure can feel overwhelming. This article serves as your guide, unveiling some of the most captivating and unforgettable experiences that Ghana has in store. Whether you find yourself immersed in the historical depths of ancient castles, riding the waves on a surfboard, embarking on a thrilling safari, or engaging with the vibrant energy of a local market, Ghana promises a journey filled with discovery and wonder.
Immerse Yourself in the Bustling Local Markets of Accra
No visit to Accra, Ghana’s vibrant capital city, is complete without experiencing the sensory overload of its local markets. Among these, Makola Market stands out as a central hub of commerce and culture. Here, a staggering array of goods awaits, from the freshest produce and vibrant local arts and crafts to vintage sports jerseys, colorful textiles, and delectable local treats.
Stepping into Makola Market for the first time can be an overwhelming experience, a whirlwind of sights, sounds, and smells. However, taking your time to navigate the labyrinthine stalls, engaging in conversations with the friendly vendors, and honing your bargaining skills will transform your visit into a truly memorable adventure. The reward? Unique souvenirs and a deeper understanding of Ghanaian culture.
For those with a penchant for culinary exploration, the nearby Osu Night Market is an absolute must-visit. Here, the air is thick with the tantalizing aromas of Ghanaian street food. Sample local favorites like kenkey, a traditional Ghanaian dish akin to a dumpling, made from fermented white corn, and savor the flavors of jollof rice, a West African staple. Freshly caught seafood, grilled to perfection, including fish, crab, and lobster, are also on offer. The Osu Night Market is a feast for the senses and a true taste of Ghana.
Discover the Majesty of Wli Waterfall: West Africa’s Highest Cascade
Venture approximately four hours northeast of Accra, and you’ll find yourself captivated by the awe-inspiring sight of Wli Waterfall, also known as Agumatsa Waterfall. Plunging from a height of 262 feet (80 meters), it reigns as the highest waterfall in West Africa, drawing visitors with its breathtaking beauty and the promise of adventure.
The journey to Wli Waterfall offers two options: a relatively easy 1.5-hour hike to the lower falls or a more challenging four-hour trek to the upper falls. Engaging a local guide is highly recommended. They can enrich your experience with insights into the history and culture of the area’s indigenous people, as well as point out the diverse flora and fauna that call this region home.
While Wli Waterfall is a captivating destination year-round, the seasonal rains, particularly from April through October, amplify its grandeur, transforming it into a truly spectacular sight. The sheer power of the cascading water, combined with the lush surrounding rainforest, creates an unforgettable experience.
Confront History at the Slave Trade Forts: Cape Coast and Elmina Castles
The Atlantic coast of Ghana bears silent witness to a dark chapter in human history. Lined with imposing 17th-century forts and castles, these structures stand as poignant reminders of the transatlantic slave trade. Cape Coast Castle, one of the largest of these fortifications, offers a sobering and educational experience.
Originally built in 1653 by the Swedish Africa Company as a trading post for timber and gold, Cape Coast Castle was later expanded by the Dutch and British. It eventually served as a crucial holding station for enslaved Africans destined for the Americas. Today, the castle functions as a museum, providing invaluable information about Ghanaian history, the slave trade, and local culture.
Guided tours lead visitors through the castle’s chilling dungeons and to the infamous "door of no return," the final passage for countless souls forced into a life of enslavement. The experience is emotionally powerful and deeply impactful, offering a visceral understanding of the horrors endured by those who were trafficked.
A mere 20-minute drive west of Cape Coast Castle lies the picturesque fishing town of Elmina, home to another significant historical landmark: Elmina Castle, also known as St. George’s Castle. Its stark white-washed walls present a striking contrast to its grim history.
Constructed by the Portuguese in 1482, Elmina Castle was later seized by the Dutch, who transformed it into the headquarters of the Dutch West India Company for over two centuries. As the demand for gold diminished, the slave trade became the castle’s primary purpose. Today, tours through its dungeons offer visitors a harrowing glimpse into the unimaginable suffering endured by the enslaved people held within its walls.
Ascend Fort St. Jago for Panoramic Views
Across the lagoon from Elmina Castle stands Fort St. Jago, also known as Fort Coenraadsburg. This strategic vantage point offers unparalleled views of Elmina Castle and the surrounding town. The history of Fort St. Jago is intertwined with the struggle for control of the region.
The first European structure erected on this hill was a church dedicated to St. Jago. The Dutch later used the hill as a gun emplacement to bombard and eventually seize Elmina Castle from the Portuguese. Years later, a permanent fort was constructed, complete with bastions, barracks, and a courtyard.
Today, visitors can explore Fort St. Jago, examining the 19th and 20th-century modifications that reveal its later use as a prison, hospital, and rest house. However, the primary draw remains the breathtaking panoramic views that stretch across the landscape, offering a unique perspective on the history and beauty of Elmina.
Catch a Wave in Kokrobite: Ghana’s Surfing Hotspot
For those seeking sun, sand, and surf, Kokrobite is the answer. This vibrant coastal town is home to some of Ghana’s most popular beaches, including the particularly stunning Langma Beach. Located just 20 miles (32 kilometers) from Accra, Kokrobite offers a welcome escape from the city’s hustle and bustle.
Kokrobite boasts a relaxed, bohemian atmosphere, attracting backpackers, volunteers, and Ghanaian Rastafarians. Big Milly’s Backyard, a beachfront hotel, is a popular gathering place, offering laid-back accommodations, a bar, and a restaurant. The hotel is also home to Mr. Bright’s Surf Shop and School, where experienced instructors offer gear rentals and lessons for those eager to experience the waves.
Kokrobite Garden is another popular accommodation option, complete with a sparkling swimming pool. Whether you’re a seasoned surfer or a complete beginner, Kokrobite offers the perfect setting to ride the waves and soak up the Ghanaian sunshine.
Bask in the Sun on Busua Beach
Another of Ghana’s stunning coastal gems, Busua Beach, is renowned as one of the best surfing destinations in Africa. Located approximately five hours west of Accra, Busua offers visitors the opportunity to relax on pristine sands, swim in the refreshing Atlantic waters, and indulge in fresh seafood.
Busua is considered Ghana’s unofficial surfing capital, with several shops offering surf safaris to secret surf spots. Accommodation options range from budget-friendly guesthouses to luxurious resorts.
Busua Beach Resort is a popular choice, offering modern amenities, dining facilities, a swimming pool, and comfortable beach chalets. The Busua Inn, run by a French couple, offers a more intimate experience, with a focus on authentic French cuisine. For budget-conscious travelers, the African Rainbow Resort is a family-run hotel offering reasonable rates and a friendly atmosphere.
Experience the Thrill of the Kakum National Park Canopy Walkway
Immerse yourself in the lush rainforest of Kakum National Park, located in southern Ghana. This dense tropical forest is home to a diverse array of wildlife, including over 40 mammal species, such as forest elephants, forest buffalo, meerkats, and civets. Birdwatchers will be delighted by the park’s rich avian diversity, with over 250 different species recorded.
The highlight of any visit to Kakum National Park is the exhilarating Canopy Walkway. Suspended 100 feet (30 meters) above the ground, this 1,150-foot (350-meter) walkway offers a unique perspective on the park’s flora and fauna. Crossing the numerous bridges provides a thrilling experience and a chance to observe the rainforest from a completely different angle.
Guided tours are available, offering insights into the medicinal properties of the park’s plants. For those seeking a deeper immersion in nature, a basic campsite is available for overnight stays.
Embark on a Wildlife Safari in Mole National Park
Venture into the heart of northwest Ghana and discover Mole National Park, the country’s largest wildlife reserve. This sprawling park offers a classic safari experience, with opportunities to spot a wide range of African wildlife.
Expect to encounter buffalo, rare roan antelope, elephants, warthogs, and hyenas. If you’re fortunate, you may even catch a glimpse of leopards. Lions have recently been reintroduced to the park, adding to its allure. Bird enthusiasts can keep an eye out for over 250 avian species.
Choose between a walking safari or a traditional game drive, accompanied by an armed guide. The best time for wildlife viewing is during the dry season, from January through March, when animals congregate around water sources. A safari in Mole National Park is an unforgettable adventure.
Discover the Ancient Larabanga Mosque
Located just outside Mole National Park, the Larabanga Mosque stands as one of Ghana’s most treasured spiritual sites and the oldest mosque in the country. This unique structure is one of eight mosques in Ghana built from packed earth and horizontal timbers, featuring distinctive towers and buttresses.
In 2002, the Larabanga Mosque was included in the World Monuments Watch after falling into disrepair. Conservation efforts have since restored the mosque, preserving its unique architectural heritage.
This pilgrimage site continues to serve as a center of worship for Ghana’s Muslim population. While non-Muslims are not permitted to enter the mosque, they can still admire its exterior and appreciate its historical significance. To arrange a visit, contact Ibrahim, who works at the local orphanage in Mole.
Meet an Ashanti King in Kumasi
Located in southern central Ghana, Kumasi, the former capital of the Ashanti Kingdom, is the country’s second-largest city. The Ashanti people are renowned for their artistic skills, specializing in gold jewelry, Kente cloth, and carved wooden stools. Examples of their craftsmanship can be found at the Kumasi Cultural Center and in craft villages on the outskirts of the city.
A visit to the bustling Kejetia Market is a must for any visitor to Kumasi. This chaotic but vibrant market offers a true taste of Ghanaian commerce. To learn about the history and traditions of the Ashanti kings, visit the Manhyia Palace Museum. If your timing is right, you might even have the opportunity to meet the current Ashanti king, who makes a public appearance every 42 days. A trip to Kumasi offers a fascinating glimpse into the rich cultural heritage of the Ashanti people.
Ghana is a land of contrasts, where ancient traditions meet modern aspirations. The "Best Things to Do in Ghana" article above provides a glimpse into the diverse range of experiences that await visitors to this captivating nation. From its historical sites to its natural wonders and vibrant culture, Ghana offers a journey that is both enriching and unforgettable.
