Borneo, the world’s third-largest island, is an enchanting destination where the spirit of adventure is palpable, intertwined with the invigorating freshness emanating from vast, unexplored rainforests. This sprawling landmass is nothing short of a paradise for those captivated by the wonders of plant life, the allure of wildlife, and the thrill of exploration. Borneo beckons with its promise of unparalleled experiences.
The island is politically divided among three entities: Malaysia, Indonesia, and the independent sultanate of Brunei. Kalimantan, the Indonesian portion, constitutes the majority of the island, claiming roughly 73% of its landmass. Malaysian Borneo, encompassing the states of Sarawak and Sabah, occupies the northern edge, nestled alongside the diminutive nation of Brunei.
Sarawak and Sabah, the two Malaysian states, are separated by Brunei, adding a unique geographical complexity to the region. Kuching, the capital of Sarawak, and Kota Kinabalu, the capital of Sabah, serve as common gateways to Borneo, acting as strategic hubs for venturing into the island’s captivating wild attractions.
Here are eight incredible adventures that await you on this captivating island:
1. Trek Your Way Through a Rainforest
Immerse yourself in the heart of Borneo’s verdant rainforests, where encounters with mischievous monkeys, glimpses of elusive snakes, cascading waterfalls, and secluded beaches await. Trekking through Borneo’s rainforests is an authentic and unforgettable experience.
Most of Sarawak’s national parks offer accessible trails without requiring permits or mandatory guides. However, certain areas necessitate the engagement of local guides. Camping facilities are generally available, and rustic longhouses offer basic accommodation, providing a base for exhilarating day hikes and exploration of the surrounding wilderness.
A visit to Bako National Park promises near-guaranteed wildlife sightings. Keep an eye out for various monkey species, including silver leaf and macaque monkeys, as well as monitor lizards, squirrels, and wild boars. Birdwatching is another popular activity, with an array of kingfishers, bluebirds, and other avian species inhabiting the park. For a chance to spot the elusive proboscis monkey, venture along the Telok Paku or Telok Delima trails or explore the Telok Assam mangroves during the early morning or late afternoon hours, maintaining a quiet and observant demeanor.
2. Pay Your Respects at Sandakan Memorial Park
For history enthusiasts and those interested in the events of World War II, a visit to Sandakan Memorial Park is a deeply moving experience. The park stands as a tribute to the more than 2,300 Allied prisoners of war, primarily Australian and British soldiers, who were captured by Japanese forces and tragically perished during a series of death marches in 1945, towards the end of the war.
Located just outside the former site of the Sandakan POW camp in the Taman Rimba neighborhood, the park serves as a solemn reminder of the sacrifices made during the war. Visitors can learn about the area’s WWII history and pay their respects to the fallen, especially during anniversary events on August 15 or on ANZAC Day, an Australian day of remembrance held annually on April 25.
3. See Orangutans in the Wild
Borneo, alongside Sumatra, is one of the last remaining places on Earth where endangered orangutans can still be observed in their natural habitat. These intelligent primates possess remarkable abilities, including the use of medicinal plants, the crafting of tools, and even the exchange of gifts. Sadly, their populations are dwindling due to habitat loss caused by extensive palm oil plantations. Now is the opportune time to witness these incredible creatures before their numbers decline further.
The Sepilok Orangutan Rehabilitation Centre in East Sabah is a popular destination for orangutan viewing. However, the Semenggoh Nature Reserve, located just outside Kuching, offers a less crowded and more affordable alternative. While sightings are never guaranteed, both refuges provide a good chance of observing semi-wild orangutans during feeding times.
Alternatively, you can embark on a river cruise along the Kinabatangan River for a chance encounter with orangutans in their natural environment.
4. See Exotic Wildlife Along the Kinabatangan River
The Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary in Sabah is a true highlight for visitors to Malaysian Borneo. Accessible by minibus from Sandakan, this sanctuary offers an unparalleled opportunity to witness a diverse range of exotic wildlife.
Lodges nestled along the small village of Sukau provide accommodations and experienced guides who lead visitors up the muddy river by small boat. This quiet approach allows for the chance to spot highly endangered proboscis monkeys, orangutans, crocodiles, pythons, and even elephants when they are in season. The Borneo rainforest truly comes alive on the banks of this river.
5. Go Scuba Diving
Malaysian Borneo’s allure extends beyond its terrestrial wonders. Sabah boasts some of the world’s most exceptional scuba diving sites. While diving in Borneo may be more expensive than in other Malaysian locations like the Perhentian Islands, the opportunity to encounter turtles, observe vibrant macro life, and potentially witness hammerhead and whale sharks makes it a worthwhile investment.
Sipadan is renowned for its diving, but due to conservation efforts, only 120 permits are issued daily to protect the fragile reefs. It is crucial to plan your diving trip well in advance to secure a permit and avoid disappointment.
Mabul, a nearby alternative to Sipadan, offers some of the best muck diving in the world and is considered a prime location for underwater macro photography.
6. Climb Mount Kinabalu
Mount Kinabalu, towering at 13,435 feet, is the tallest mountain in Malaysia and one of the highest peaks in the region that can be ascended without technical climbing equipment.
Reaching the summit of Mount Kinabalu requires stamina and determination. Approximately 40,000 people attempt the challenging two-day ascent each year, although many do not reach the peak. The final stretch of the climb involves a rope-assisted scramble through the clouds to the summit.
Beyond the impressive mountain itself, Kinabalu National Park, spanning 300 square miles, boasts an astounding array of flora and fauna. Encounters with international biologists and botanists studying the estimated 4,500 plant species are common occurrences on the park’s trails.
7. Chill Out at a Beautiful Beach
Malaysian Borneo offers more than just jungle adventures and insect encounters. Miles of pristine and untouched beaches provide ample opportunities to relax and unwind after days spent trekking and exploring.
Mamutik Island, a small island within Tunku Abdul Rahman Marine Park, allows camping directly on the beach and is just a 20-minute boat ride from Kota Kinabalu. Alternatively, Tanjung Aru, located just south of Kota Kinabalu, offers a more local beach scene with fewer tourists.
8. Stay in a Longhouse
A visit to Sarawak offers the unique opportunity to stay in an Iban longhouse and experience the traditional way of life of the island’s indigenous peoples. While some longhouses cater specifically to tourists, it is possible to visit authentic communities that are far removed from urban life and accessible only by river. During your stay, you can sample traditional cuisine, witness captivating dance performances, and learn the art of shooting a blowpipe gun. Staying in a longhouse offers an immersive cultural experience, providing a glimpse into the rich heritage of Borneo.
